Author: Engineering LED edit the peach
Under the call of green, low-carbon and environmental protection, the low-carbon economy of energy conservation and environmental protection has become the main theme of 2010. Especially in the Olympic Games, the World Expo, the Asian Games and the "Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Cities", LED has become the protagonist of the lighting market. As the world's largest producer and exporter of lighting products, China is bound to become the world's largest LED supply and demand. Under the guidance of the country's strategic task of promoting industrial structure optimization and upgrading and cultivating new industrial growth points, LED has become the development focus of local governments. Local governments such as Dongguan, Huizhou, Foshan, Shenzhen, Dalian, Nanchang and Xiamen have formulated Strategic planning for industrial development has set off a wave of LED investment in China. However, compared with multinational companies, Chinese LED companies still have a large gap in many aspects. How to effectively improve the core competitiveness of Chinese LED companies and actively participate in the global competition is an urgent issue we need to consider.
What changes LED brings to China?
As the world's largest producer and exporter of lighting products, the domestic output value of 230 billion yuan per year, such a broad market space makes domestic and foreign LED giants have been rushing to expand the Chinese market. With the widespread application of LED technology, domestic LED companies have rapidly emerged and rapidly expanded their production capacity, and launched a strategy for the LED market. From the domestic LED industry leading company Sanan Optoelectronics to the expansion of the production capacity of Silan Micro to "half-way home" Dehao Runda, LED industry boom has almost swept the entire industry, the rapid trend of most people in the industry called for vigilance. In recent years, China's LED exports have a large share in the world market, showing a year-on-year growth trend. However, we should be clear that our advantages are mostly reflected in the low prices of raw materials and labor. This advantage is the most unstoppable, and low-price competition will inevitably disrupt the competition order. Therefore, it is necessary to start to improve the industry environment during the rising period of an industry, and it is necessary to formulate corresponding industry specifications from national standards.
China's LED industry competitive advantage
Low barrier to entry into the LED market
Since the entry into the LED market is low, it is easy to achieve rolling development, so domestic plants do not need to invest a lot of money. Although China's LED industry foundation is relatively weak, but by hiring overseas technicians, it has made great breakthroughs in technology. Many enterprises have also obtained independent intellectual property rights, and the overall gap with international big companies is also shrinking. At present, some domestic dominant enterprises have already possessed core patent technology.
Labor cost advantage
The semiconductor lighting industry, especially the chip packaging and lighting system industry, is not only a technology-intensive industry, but also a labor-intensive industry. China has obvious labor cost advantages and develops the semiconductor lighting industry. It can give full play to China's human resources advantages, drive related industries, increase exports, and absorb employment.
Industrial cluster effect gradually emerges
Faced with the huge temptation of the semiconductor lighting market, domestic LED companies and the government work together. In the four regions of the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Southeast China, Beijing and Dalian, China's LED industry has basically formed a relatively complete industrial chain. Generally speaking, China's LED industry pattern has a high degree of industrialization in the south, while the north relies on many universities and research institutions to have strong research and development capabilities. In terms of geographical distribution, the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta are the most concentrated areas of the domestic LED industry. The upstream, middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain are relatively complete, and more than 80% of the relevant enterprises in the country are concentrated. It is also the fastest growing region of the domestic LED industry, and the comprehensive advantages of the industry. More obvious. LED equipment and raw material suppliers have settled in these two regions. The convenient connection with the international application market has created a good service and market environment for the development of the LED industry. The industrial cluster effect is gradually emerging.
Industrial policy support
China's annual electricity for lighting is close to 250 billion kWh. As long as one-third of LED lighting is used, it can save 80 billion kWh per year, which is equivalent to the total power generation of the Three Gorges Power Station. Therefore, the policy will increase the promotion of high-efficiency lighting products, vigorously promote the use of energy-saving, and guide and promote energy-saving lamps.
The market is not easy to form
From the perspective of the domestic LED application market, domestic architectural lighting, display screens and traffic signal lights accounted for 56% of the total, the total growth of these markets is relatively fast, but relatively scattered, technical standards are not uniform; in small-size backlights and automotive applications The total is only 7%. However, the general lighting market is the main market for LED in the future. The domestic market has large capacity, and the terminal consumer market is also relatively scattered. It is not easy to form a monopoly. Therefore, domestic enterprises have a relatively broad living space.
China's LED industry disadvantages and risks
There is still a certain gap between the domestic LED product technology level and overseas, and it is at a disadvantage in striving for high-end customers. At present, domestic enterprises are generally small in scale, weak in technical strength, and relatively low in product quality. High-performance LED chips and power LED chips are rarely available in China. High-efficiency, high-reliability and other LED applications almost all rely on imported high-end epitaxial chips, which seriously restricts the development of China's LED industry. Coupled with the weak foundation in the upstream manufacturing of LED substrates, epitaxy, and chip links, as well as the lack of core patents, the long-term development of the domestic LED industry will be constrained.
The domestic LED industry also faces many risks, including technology risks, industrial transfer risks and macroeconomic risks. LED belongs to the high-tech industry. The production technology and product performance need to be continuously improved. It is very important for the company to continue to keep up with the technological progress of the LED industry. Once the technology is backward, it will lose market share and even lose money, and eventually it will form a vicious circle. At the same time, the Taiwanese LED industry is also growing. About 80% of Taiwan's LED packaging capacity has been transferred to the mainland. The transfer of chips and epitaxial wafers in the middle and upper reaches is relatively small. The domestic LED industry structure is improving, and it is inevitable that it will encounter competition from Taiwan-funded enterprises. Downwind. In addition, the global economic recession may affect the support of national policies to the LED industry. The popularity of LED products in Western countries and China may also be lower than expected.
How to accelerate the development of the LED industry
With the extension of LEDs to emerging areas such as large-size backlights and street lamps, China's LED market will continue to grow rapidly in the next few years. It is estimated that the annual average compound growth rate of China's LED market will reach 20.4% in 2009-2011. The demand market provides a good development opportunity for the industry. In order for the lighting industry to continue to develop healthily, domestic enterprises must move toward the long-term goal of high-end, high-quality, energy-saving and environmental protection.
First of all, the government's increased support and enhanced regulatory capabilities will greatly help to improve the competitiveness of domestic enterprises in the international arena. Therefore, the government should focus on supporting the construction of semiconductor lighting R&D platform, rationally integrate and adjust the decentralized research institutions, and support the research and development of core technologies and innovative projects with independent intellectual property rights. At the same time, it is necessary to guide investment and key support for small-scale and conditional post-process packaging enterprises in the pre-LED process, to integrate, joint venture, and merge, and to concentrate resources to expand the scale of industrialization.
Second, domestic LED companies should strengthen the basic research and development of LED technology. Especially in the field of LED epitaxy, chip manufacturing, packaging, and supporting. In addition, the testing of LED light, electricity, color, thermal and lighting parameters should be strengthened, and the reliability of LED light sources should be studied. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the research and development of LED application products, and we must have a sense of innovation and develop new products with market demand.
Finally, the focus is still on expanding market applications. At present, the lighting product series technology has matured and the market potential is very large. Domestic LED manufacturers should strengthen the research and development of medium and large-size LED backlights and automotive LED lights, and seize the right time to enter the market as soon as possible.
For the domestic LED industry to continue to develop rapidly, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the connotation of LED lighting. It is necessary to objectively analyze the actual technical level of China's LED field, to rationally layout, and to steadily promote the development and priorities of LED lighting. In the technical field, support for material research and development should be increased, especially for high-power chip technology for lighting. In the industrial field, we must pay attention to the display of application products, landscape lighting, public lighting and other markets. As a revolutionary energy-saving lighting technology, LED lighting hopes that it will bring more than just bubbles to China, as well as breakthroughs in technology after the bubble, rapid increase in production capacity and healthy development of the industry.
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