Application of GPRS / RFID technology in patrol system
Modern large-scale parks need a safe and efficient office environment. With the gradual expansion of enterprises, how to better strengthen the internal security management of the park has become a problem that plagues every park manager, and strengthening security management is to ensure that the park The first priority of safety. Therefore, the security patrol monitoring system came into being, which is used to manage and distribute the information of patrol points, patrol routes, arrival time and patrol shifts of security guards. The patrol check-in form of the traditional signature book is prone to the problem of counterfeiting or re-signing. It takes time and effort to check and sign, and it is more difficult to analyze the theft and dereliction of duty. The offline patrol method of the patrol mobile phone can not monitor the patrol situation in real time, and it needs to be equipped with a special patrol mobile phone device. Taking into account the complex working environment of security personnel and the uneven quality of personnel, patrol mobile phones are easy to cause human damage and a large amount of maintenance work. This article introduces a new type of real-time online patrol system, which makes patrol management more scientific and convenient, and plays an extremely important role in supervising patrol personnel and ensuring the safety of the park. In actual use, the patrolman carries a smart card with him, patrols the protected area according to the pre-set patrol line, and arrives at the patrol point within the specified time. When the patrolman passes the pre-set patrol point When the patrol machine automatically recognizes and reads the smart card information on the security guard, the patrol machine sends the work record information such as the security ID and arrival time to the general monitoring room through GPRS. The management staff can see the patrol officer on the central computer in time Patrol situation, so as to realize online patrol management function.1 System solution
1.1 System characteristics (1) The traditional contact IC card needs to be in contact with the read and write terminal contacts when working, which has the disadvantages of easy wear and difficulty in swiping cards by multiple people in parallel. The contactless smart card based on wireless radio frequency technology is contactless, can be processed in parallel, and can save 70% ~ 90% of the time compared to contact [1].
(2) The use of non-contact smart cards makes it easier for patrol officers to submit attendance information, and the card reader automatically recognizes the electronic tag information, which solves the shortcomings that patrol great methods must accurately contact the information collection point to collect information.
(3) The wireless method is used to transmit information, which solves the shortcomings of the traditional network wiring using RS485 and CAN bus, such as heavy workload of network construction and wiring, easy damage to the line, and difficulty to find the fault point after the line is damaged.
(4) The network coverage of GPRS is very wide, which ensures the availability of large-scale parks and solves the problem of RS485 and CAN bus communication methods being limited by distance.
(5) Using thermal infrared sensor, when the patrol personnel pass by, the sensor senses the infrared spectrum change of the human body, and wakes up the patrol machine by interrupting, so as to avoid waste of energy and increase the service life of the patrol machine.
(6) The patrol personnel and patrol machine are managed by the control room, which is convenient for personnel deployment and patrol machine management and maintenance. When a patrol officer misses the post or the terminal is faulty, the control room can be notified as soon as possible.
1.2 System composition The real-time online patrol system is composed of GPRS module, patrol machine terminal, non-contact IC card, upper computer patrol management software and so on. The networking methods of GPRS module generally include public network static IP solution, dynamic domain name resolution solution, SMS communication solution, and APN dedicated line access solution. Considering the security of the system, this application uses an APN private line to access the mobile company's GPRS network, the center uses an APN private line, and each node uses an internal network fixed IP. The monitoring center of the program accesses the mobile company's GPRS network through a 2 M APN private line. The private fixed IP addresses are used for wide area connection between the interconnected routers of both parties, and the GRE tunnel is used between the GGSN and the mobile company interconnected routers. Assign a dedicated APN to the monitoring center, ordinary users are not allowed to apply for the APN. The SIM card used for the GPRS private network only activates the dedicated APN, restricting the use of other APNs. After obtaining the APN, assign mobile internal fixed IP to all monitoring points and centers. End-to-end encryption is used between the patrol machine and the monitoring center to avoid possible leakage of information during the entire transmission process. The two parties use a firewall for isolation, and perform IP address and port filtering on the firewall. This kind of scheme has greatly improved in terms of real-time, security and stability compared with the previous three schemes, and is suitable for application environments with higher security requirements, more data points, and higher real-time requirements. The contactless IC card stores the information of the patrol officer. The patrol machine terminal is responsible for collecting the patrol officer information. The patrol machine sends the collected information to the monitoring center through the GPRS module. The upper computer of the monitoring center accesses each patrol point. The information collected by the machine is sorted and stored. The system block diagram is shown in Figure 1.
1.3 System working principle The monitoring center sends commands to each patrol machine, and the information returned by the terminal can determine whether the patrol machine is working properly. When the patrolman passes the patrol machine, the patrol machine reads the patrolman's IC card information, sends the patrol employee number and other information back to the monitoring center, and the monitoring center matches the job number with the database to determine the patrolman At the same time, some auxiliary information (such as the position of the patrol officer, the time of the patrol, the security status of the patrol point, etc.) sent by the patrol machine is simultaneously stored in the database, so that the system can supervise the patrol work. If the duty inspector does not arrive at the station one by one according to the designated patrol route within the specified time period, the system will promptly reflect this situation to the staff in the monitoring room, and the sensor on the patrol machine will also reflect the local security status. Provide to the monitoring center in real time.
2 Terminal patrol machine hardware design The patrol machine hardware part is mainly composed of processor, GPRS module, infrared sensor and so on. The processor adopts STC12C5410AD, which is an enhanced 8051 core single-chip microcomputer, with a variety of packaging forms, 8 to 12 times faster than ordinary 8051 core single-chip microcomputer, hardware watchdog, with a full-duplex asynchronous serial communication port, 1 high-speed SPI communication port, 10-bit ADC, 8-channel and cheap, especially suitable for small embedded terminals. The GPRS module uses BENQ 22. This module is the leading product of Taiwan BenQ ’s GSM / GPRS module product series. The module is a 900/1 800/1 900 three-band industrial module with TCP / IP protocol. It is mainly used for wireless public telephone, Car system, monitoring, anti-theft system. Because the module is embedded with TCP / IP protocol, this greatly reduces the hardware and software requirements of the entire system. The working voltage of BENG22 module is 3.2 V ~ 4.2 V, the minimum power consumption during call is 230 mA, the maximum power consumption is 260 mA, and the power consumption during standby is less than 6 mA; it supports 3 V SIM card, supports voice, short message, fax function, support GSM and GPRS 2 modes. The MF RC522 in the card reader is the latest non-contact low-power reading and writing base station chip launched by Philips. It is a member of the highly integrated card reader IC series used in 13.56 MHz contactless communication. The card reader IC series utilizes advanced modulation and demodulation concepts and fully integrates all types of passive contactless communication methods and protocols at 13.56 MHz. MF RC522 supports all layers of ISO14443A, the transmission speed is up to 424 Kb / s, and has 3 host interface modes: SPI mode, UART mode, I2C mode. This design uses SPI mode to communicate between the card reader and the single chip microcomputer. The hardware block diagram of the patrol machine is shown in Figure 2.
3 Terminal patrol machine software design The system software mainly includes the communication between the microcontroller and the GPRS module, and the card reader reads the data to the microcontroller.
After the system initialization is completed, the application program monitors, recognizes, and processes the signals from the peripheral circuits. Considering the multi-event and non-scheduled characteristics of the event, this application transplants the μC / OS II operating system to the software system, and uses the real-time operating system to implement multi-tasking. Most monitoring systems are background programs. When the system is running, it starts to monitor. When a signal is triggered, the corresponding service process is carried out, for example, when a patrol arrives, the surrounding environment has a sudden alarm situation. The software flow chart is shown in Figure 3.
3.1 Software design of GPRS module The key part of the communication between GPRS and MCU is the initialization of the module. After the initialization is completed, the MCU sends data to the GPRS module. The steps are as follows:
(1) Use the command AT + IPR = 9 600 (default) to set the baud rate, and use this command to switch the communication rate freely. Support to save after power off, so only need to set once, do not need to reset each time you boot.
(2) Use the command AT + CGDCONT = 1, "IP", "CMNET" command to set the GPRS access gateway.
(3) Use the command AT + CGCLASS = "B" to set the category of the mobile terminal to B, that is, to monitor multiple services at the same time, but only one service can be run.
(4) Use the command AT + CGACT = 1, 1 command to activate the GPRS function. If it returns OK, the GPRS connection is successful; if it returns ERROR, it means that the GPRS failed.
(5) Use the command AT + CIPSTART = "TCP", "Client IP", "Port Number" to connect to the client server.
(6) AT% CGPC0 = 1, "PAP", 1 (PAP authentication, default username and password) AT $ DESTINFO = "XXXX.XXXX.XXXX.XXXX", 1, XXX34 in the 1 instruction XXXX.XXXX. XXXX.XXXX refers to an IP address at the remote end. This IP address must be correct. 1234 refers to the port number. This port number is the default or set port number of the remote receiving program. The port number set here must be consistent with the port number of the remote receiving program.
Through the above initialization, the reader information read by the single-chip microcomputer can send the information of the patrol to the monitoring center through the GPRS data service [2].
3.2 Card reader software design The card reader software design is the operation of the MIFARE card controlled by the MF RC522, including the main control program, PIC microcontroller initialization, the card reader core module RC522 initialization, RC522 read and write subroutine, anti-collision subroutine and Data block operation subroutines, etc. [3].
The communication between the single chip microcomputer and the MIFARE card is realized by the instruction code and data format specified by the antenna transmission protocol IS014443A. For example, to send data to the card is to write the data to be sent to the FIFOData register in the card reader core module RC522, the Command register is loaded with the code of the command Transceive 0x1e, RC522 will send the data out, and the return data in the card is stored in FIFOData In the register, read by the single-chip microcomputer and write to the serial port to send to the control center through GPRS. The operation flow of the card reader on the MIFARE card is shown in Figure 4 [4].
(1) Reset response operation informs MF RC500 to find MIFARE card within the effective working range (distance).
(2) If more than one MIFARE card is within the effective working range (distance) of the reader antenna, you must perform an anti-overlap operation and return the serial number of one card as the object of this operation, while the other cards are in the waiting state .
(3) After successfully performing the anti-overlap operation or at any time, when the programmer wants to communicate with a card with a known serial number, he must perform a card selection operation to establish communication with the selected card and return the card ’s The number of bytes.
(4) In order to ensure the legality of the operation of the card, the authentication operation must be performed between the card and the card reader before the operation of the card.
3.3 PC software design The PC software of the monitoring center is implemented by VC 6.0. Its main function is to monitor the information of each patrol machine and send commands to each patrol machine through the GPRS data link. This system is not the focus of discussion, only a brief overview.
By specifically analyzing the property management characteristics of the community, and improving the design of the existing patrol machine, a new online patrol management system is proposed to realize the network and wireless collection of community patrol information. The use of non-contact IC card operation and easy access to information has greatly improved community management efficiency and office work efficiency. Using GPRS service as the data transmission carrier makes the system easy to install, easy to debug and maintain, and has a good performance-price ratio. At the same time, the system is compact in structure, easy to expand and connect, has excellent flexibility, and has good application prospects.
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