With the rise of plant protection drones , more and more people will consider choosing to work in the plant protection industry, but everyone's eyes are focused on the choice of plant protection machine, but ignore the drone is only a tool to improve the efficiency of the operation, Pesticides are the root of pest control.
Special pesticides for flying defenses are different from ordinary pesticides. They should meet the actual conditions of spraying by plant protection machines. They need ultra-low-capacity professional dosage forms that can prevent floating, anti-evaporation, environmental protection and easy atomization. The plant protection machine that is not suitable for flying anti-agents is just an empty shell. The pesticides restrict the development of plant protection drones. However, the plant protection drones are effective in reducing the cost of drugs and are gradually recognized by people. The rise will definitely lead to major changes in pesticide formulations.
Nowadays, many flying hands know very little about pesticides. Generally, what kind of medicine is used by farmers to give medicines. What are the ingredients and effects of pesticides? 2018, the plant protection flight quality is open year, if you do not understand pesticides, do not know plant protection, then it is still very difficult to profit, and may disrupt the industry. Here, take everyone to learn about pesticides.
First, the classification of pesticides
1. According to the source and composition of raw materials: inorganic pesticides, organic pesticides, biological pesticides, microbial pesticides, plant pesticides.
2, according to the classification of control objects: insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, nematicides, rodenticides, herbicides, defoliants, adjuvants, plant growth regulators, etc.
3, according to the processing agent type can be divided into: wettable powder, soluble powder, emulsion, emulsifiable concentrate, cream, cream, paste, colloidal agent, smoker, fumigant, aerosol, oil, granules, microgranules Wait.
4. The pharmaceutical process is divided into: extrusion granulation and high temperature production. Extrusion is easy to granulate, but there are many impurities and it is not easy to be granulated; high temperature granulation: less impurities and easy to be refined. However, the process of extrusion granulation is cheaper, and the difference of one ton of drug is 3, 4 thousand less than that of high temperature granulation.
For flying anti-agents, the products must first be screened, requiring high activity of components, low dosage of acre, internal conductivity, and safety for crops. Secondly, in the selection of dosage forms, water-based aqueous agents, suspending agents and water emulsions are mainly used, and high-content registered products are selected. Then, on the premise of the original stable formula on the pharmaceutical formulation, special additives are added to reduce the volatilization and drift of the agent during the spraying process, and to promote sedimentation, adhesion and absorption.
When the plant protection drone is used, the dosage of the general crop per acre is 500-1000ml. If the concentration of the liquid is too high, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity to the crop. Therefore, a special ultra-low volume liquid agent is generally used. Ultra-low volume liquids must be resistant to evaporation, drift, and safety.
2. Pesticides used in different diseases
Note:
1. When there is a small red dot in the early stage, it is necessary to start to fight rice glutinous rice. The amount of rice glutinous rice is not too large. More than 90g is easy to cause phytotoxicity. Some scent of rice glutinous rice is very large. It is suspected that there is enemy sulphur ;
2. Azoxystrobin focuses on the prevention of rice stalk and rice stalk, which is less effective in controlling rice blast;
3, sputum ester tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin ester tebuconazole, have an effect of increasing production, improve photosynthesis by increasing chlorophyll;
4, sputum ester tebuconazole, tricyclazole, azoxystrobin, mainly to prevent rice blast, play in the absence of rice blast, the real emergence of rice blast, these three are no use, tricyclazole High cost performance;
5, sputum ester tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin ester tebuconazole, generally in the rupture period (early spikes just outcrop), at the heading stage (when the rice spikes are neat), if you want to control rice blast, also If you want to control the stalks and rice stalks, you must take 5-6 days before the break. At that time, the spray is the best. Although the rice is not obvious, it can be seen that there is moisture, and 10%-15%. Quantity, then it is necessary to start playing;
6, thiazolamide, difenoconazole, and the focus on the prevention and treatment of sheath blight, and have increased production, prevention and control of sheath blight, is to fight drugs during the break;
7. High-chlorine chlorpyrifos is mainly used to control rice weevil, negative mud worm, red nematode, leaf miner, rice transplanting, and returning to green. It is almost unnecessary to use a plant protection machine. Generally, it is directly smashed with a pill bottle, or the nozzle of the sprayer is directly sprayed. . Because these kinds of worms are all under water, and they are sprayed with drones, mostly sprayed on the rice leaves, and can't reach the water;
8, Kang Kuan is used in the breach and the heading stage, because it is more expensive, low cost performance, but the drug effect is long, the efficacy period is 1 month;
9, avermectin chlorpyrifos mainly control the stem borer, also has a preventive effect on rice weevil, negative mudworm, red nematode, leaf miner;
10, avermectin chlorpyrifos, triazophos chlorpyrifos in the middle of June, that is, the previous drug of the breach;
11. The best flight from the position of 1.5-2 meters from the crop;
12. All pesticides cannot be used during the flowering period (rice flowering) and are easy to injure flowers.
Note:
1. Soybeans are sensitive to pesticides and cannot be used at will;
2, fight drugs early, if the worms into the pods, then it is useless;
3, Kung Fu: If you get the body, it is not good for the skin, itchy, burning skin, allergies.
Note: The second point of the night is at the root, it is not suitable for the use of drones, generally use the medicine bottle to squint directly, or spray the nozzle of the sprayer to enlarge the direct spray.
Note:
1. The antibacterial effect of epoxiconazole on cereals can reach more than 40 days. It has good control effect on a series of cereal crops such as blight, powdery mildew and eyelid disease. Protect, treat and eradicate activity, and have systemic and preferred residual activity;
2. If inhaled ether ester, the patient should be moved to the air circulation, accidentally contact with the skin or splashed into the eyes, rinse with plenty of water for 10-15 minutes, if it is accidentally taken, vomit, keep quiet, and immediately It was sent to the hospital for treatment.
Third, matters needing attention
1. Wear necessary protective clothing, masks, rubber gloves and other protective equipment. When you fight, people should stand on the upper air outlet;
2, choose the appropriate period of the right medicine, consider the antagonism between the drug and the drug, the degradation will not occur after the combination, the combination of a variety of pesticides not only affect the efficacy, but will cause phytotoxicity. Feel free to increase the concentration of drugs or the amount of drug used, the pursuit of quick-acting, long-term use of a single pesticide, it is easy to make pests and diseases resistant;
3, each time the dispensing will be directly matched with the pesticides required for 50 mu of land, and a barrel of medicine box can hold 10 acres of pesticides. When the tank is refilled, the barrel has already precipitated, so each time it is flying Prevent adequate agitation;
4. Use drug suppression as soon as possible in the early stages of crop disease, and even when there is no disease, take preventive measures. The residual time of the drug effect is limited, and a small amount of drug fight can be tried. After a large-scale outbreak, it is difficult to hold the drug again.
5, the appropriate equipment: spray disinfectant to choose a nozzle with a smaller droplet; spray insecticide can choose a slightly larger nozzle; spray herbicide is best to use a fan nozzle;
6, weather effects: windy, rain can not spray; can not spray before rain; dew can not spray; high temperature can not spray under the sun (most of the pests stop surface activity; pesticide volatile loss, drug decomposition fast The drug is highly volatile and can cause poisoning by breathing into the body through the pores of the skin. Therefore, try to choose sunny and windless conditions, usually 8-10 am (after dew dry), 5-7 o'clock in the afternoon (before and after sunset), choose the time when the pest activity is vigorous;
7. Pesticide safety interval: refers to the number of days between the last fight and the crop harvesting. The drug is used during the safety period, and the pesticide residue does not exceed the standard;
8. Waste liquid treatment: After the application, the remaining liquid medicine and the waste water for washing the sprayer should be properly disposed of, and cannot be randomly dumped.
Fourth, improve the efficacy
As the saying goes, "the drug is a three-point drug." Although the pesticides used in plant protection are mostly low-toxic pesticides, long-term use will inevitably lead to disease resistance, while bacterial and pesticides are not highly toxic, have little environmental pollution, and will not induce pests. Produces resistance. Its principle of use is to disturb the normal physiological metabolism of the pest after entering the worm, causing it to die.
Ways to improve the efficacy of bacterial pesticides:
1. Temperature: The suitable temperature for using bacterial pesticides is above 25 °C;
2. Humidity: The greater the environmental humidity, the better the efficacy of bacterial pesticides. It is better to fight drugs when there is dew in the morning and evening;
3, the sun: on a cloudy day or after 4 o'clock in the afternoon to fight drugs, reduce the damage of ultraviolet light on bacterial spores in the sun. (Adding raw molasses or corn syrup has a certain effect on filtering ultraviolet rays);
4. Rainwater: It will be washed by rainwater in heavy rain, but it will be drizzled 5 hours after spraying, which will increase the effect of prevention;
5, the wind: the application of bacteria and pesticides in the windless or breezy days is better.
Plant protection drones have become the immediate needs and hotspots of the current plant protection market. Now many UAV manufacturers are developing special anti-agents for flying defense, and have achieved certain results. The pesticides used in Feifang are much more demanding than ordinary pesticides. It is recommended that practitioners consult with the formal and qualified plant protection department when the pesticide knowledge is not perfect.
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