Smart home refers to the use of advanced computer technology, network communication technology, and integrated wiring technology to organically combine the seed system related to home life, and make the home life more comfortable, safe and effective through overall management. As an important part of the intelligentization of the community, the smart home platform realizes home intelligence through its core-home smart terminal. The smart home terminal can realize system information collection, information input, logic processing, information output, linkage control and other functions. The early home smart terminal network was based on the telephone network for remote monitoring and remote control. Due to the bandwidth limitation of the telephone network and the high cost of use, the home smart terminal cannot be promoted. With the development of computer technology and communication technology, remote communication based on IP technology has become the focus of home smart terminal development. At present, remote communication devices based on 8-bit microcontrollers and TCP/IP protocols have appeared in large numbers. However, due to the limitation of the operating frequency and storage capacity of the 8-bit single-chip microcomputer, the operating system and the complete IP protocol cannot be transplanted. The real-time performance of remote monitoring and remote control and reliable communication of large data volume are difficult to guarantee, thus becoming a bottleneck for the development of home intelligent terminals. With the mature ARM chip and μCOS-II operating system, this problem can be effectively solved.
ARM (Advanced RISC Maehines) is a reduced instruction set computer that integrates typical RISC architectural features. In addition, the ARM architecture features automatic address increment and auto-reduced addressing modes, multiple register load and store instructions.
Since its inception, ARM has experienced five major ARM instruction set architectures, represented by version numbers V1-V5. Common ARM7, ARM9, ARMl0, and SecurCore series chips are all ARM V4 and above architectures. The ARM7TDMI series chip is currently the most widely used ARM chip. It is widely used in multimedia and embedded devices, including Internet devices, networks and modems, as well as wireless devices such as mobile phones and PDAs.
LPC2214 is a cost-effective ARM7TDMI (-S) chip produced by Philips, mainly used in the field of Internet gateway, serial protocol conversion, access control and so on.
1 System structure and hardware composition of home smart terminal
1.1 System structure of home smart terminal
The home smart terminal is the core device of the home intelligence, and is the transfer station of the home internal network and the external network. It implements various functions through various protocol conversion modules and networking methods. The home intelligent terminal proposed in this paper mainly has the following functions: security defense , linkage control, remote control and monitoring, information collection, and family information management. The external network uses the local area network to transmit information to remote terminals (user terminals, cell management terminals, charging terminals, etc.). In addition, considering the instability of the Internet, the system also reserves a PSTN interface to increase system redundancy. The RS-485 bus and Bluetooth technology are used to implement the home internal network, which combines wireless and wired to meet the needs of more devices. The network system of the home smart terminal is shown in Figure 1.
Application-Specific Integrated Circuit refers to an integrated circuit specifically designed to perform a specific computing task. It is very common to use ASIC for mining in the field of blockchain. This article will analyze the principle of ASIC mining and why it should be anti-ASIC.
For Bitcoin, mining has gone through four stages: CPU, GPU, FPGA and ASIC. GPU is naturally suitable for parallel simple operations, so the execution of SHA256 is much higher than the CPU. FPGA is a programmable hardware, because it has a certain degree of universality, so the unit price will be relatively expensive. ASIC has a large initial design investment, but the unit price will be cheaper after mass production. Therefore, if you can determine that the market size is relatively large, the use of ASIC technology will be the most cost-effective.
This is the basic principle of ASIC.
In a nutshell, mining is running complicated calculations in the search for a specific number. Whether it`s an ASIC miner or a GPU mining rig, mining hardware must run through many calculations before finding that number. In proof of work systems like Bitcoin, the first one to find that number gets a reward - at the time of writing, 12.5 Bitcoins worth around $96,850. That reward will fall to 6.25 Bitcoins in May 2020.
There are so many people and powerful computing systems trying to mine Bitcoin that miner groups form to find that number and share the profit. Even more, the faster your hardware, the more you earn. That`s why people who can afford it opt for ASIC miners because it gives them the greatest chance of earning cryptocurrency in exchange for their investment.
Each cryptocurrency has its own cryptographic hash algorithm, and ASIC miners are designed to mine using that specific algorithm. Bitcoin ASIC miners are actually designed to calculate the SHA-256 hash algorithm. In the case of Litecoin, it uses Scrypt. That means technically they could mine any other coin that`s based on the same algorithm, though typically, people who buy ASIC hardware designed for Bitcoin mine that specific digital currency.
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