The EU Council meeting passed a decision on the 15th to impose another year of anti-dumping duties on energy-saving light bulbs produced in China, Pakistan and Vietnam. Italian lighting equipment manufacturer Tajti said it will file a lawsuit against the decision.
Attorneys from Tajti said that the EU's decision has obvious flaws. As long as the EU officially approves the extension of anti-dumping duties on China's energy-saving light bulbs, the company will appeal to the European Court of Justice to demand that the decision be overturned and a claim be filed.
The decision to extend taxation has attracted strong criticism within the EU. The EU business community and environmentalists believe that this move not only led to higher prices of energy-saving bulbs in the EU market, but also harmed the interests of consumers, and clearly violated the EU's environmental protection and energy conservation goals. In addition, since a considerable portion of energy-saving light bulbs produced in China are actually produced by EU companies in China, this decision will also damage EU companies. Tajti said that the company has paid an additional $5 million a year since 2003. If the EU's decision is overturned, the relevant company will require the EU to return the anti-dumping duties previously paid.
Tajti has filed a lawsuit in a British court to overturn the EU’s anti-dumping decision on Chinese energy-saving light bulbs in 2001. The British court is expected to transfer the case to the European Court of Justice early next year.
Since 2001, the EU has imposed an anti-dumping duty of up to 66.1% on energy-saving light bulbs produced in China for a period of five years. Just as the anti-dumping measures expired in July 2006, the EU, at the request of a few lighting equipment manufacturers, launched a 15-month investigation into China's energy-saving light bulbs to decide whether to continue to impose anti-dumping duties. During the investigation, the original anti-dumping measures still apply.
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The main function of the PWM Solar Controller is to manage the charging and discharging process between solar panels and batteries in solar power generation systems. It is a traditional charge controller that controls the charging voltage and current through pulse width modulation technology to maintain the charging state of the battery and protect the battery.
Main effect:
Charging control: PWM Solar Controller controls the charging voltage and current through pulse width modulation technology to ensure that the battery is charged at an appropriate voltage and current to prolong the service life of the battery.
Overcharge protection: The PWM Solar Controller can monitor the charging status of the battery, and when the battery is fully charged, it will automatically stop charging to avoid battery damage caused by overcharging.
Over-discharge protection: PWM Solar Controller can monitor the discharge state of the battery. When the battery power is lower than a certain level, it will automatically stop discharging to avoid battery damage caused by over-discharge.
Differences from other charge controllers:
Modulation technology: PWM Solar Controller uses pulse width modulation technology to control the charging and discharging voltage and current to maintain the charging state of the battery. In contrast, MPPT Solar Controller uses maximum power point tracking technology to adjust the output voltage and current of solar panels in real-time to achieve maximum power output.
Energy conversion efficiency: Compared with the MPPT Solar Controller, the energy conversion efficiency of the PWM Solar Controller is lower. Because the pulse width modulation technology cannot adjust the operating point of the Solar Panel in real-time, the output power of the solar panel may not be maximized.
Application Scenario: PWM Solar Controller is a traditional charge controller suitable for small-scale, low-power solar power generation systems. The MPPT Solar Controller is suitable for larger-scale, high-power solar power generation systems to improve energy utilization efficiency.
Overall, the main role of the PWM Solar Controller is to manage the charging and discharging process in the solar power generation system and protect the battery from damage. Compared with MPPT Solar Controller, it uses traditional pulse width modulation technology, and the energy conversion efficiency is lower. Suitable for small-scale, low-power solar power generation systems. The MPPT Solar Controller uses maximum power point tracking technology, which can improve the energy utilization efficiency of solar panels, and is suitable for larger-scale, high-power solar power generation systems.
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