What is LED? The original text of this abbreviation is light-emitting diode, and the corresponding Chinese is "light emitting diode". Maybe some people still don't quite understand. In the words of Li Wei, an expert from the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, "LED is the light that emits infrared signals on the TV remote control. This kind of lamp is neither a traditional incandescent lamp nor a popular fluorescent lamp (energy-saving lamp), but a lamp made of semiconductor."
Some people may ask, why is the blue LED getting the honor, not the other colors? In fact, before the birth of blue LEDs, red, green, and yellow LEDs were already available. In 1907, scientists first observed electroluminescence in silicon carbide; in the late 1960s, through gallium arsenide. The phosphide is used on the substrate, and the first red LED is produced...but as Li Wei pointed out, "only red, yellow and green light can't make white LEDs, LED lighting function does not exist, you must find the three primary colors. Blue in (red, green and blue)."
At that time, it was suggested that GaN materials were a possible choice for completing LED color puzzles, but many scientists did not study them, but turned to other material systems, such as zinc oxide. Fortunately, this year’s 85-year-old Chisaki has chosen to adhere to it. In the GaN research, he and student Amano have realized the GaN junction of GaN for the first time, making blue light-emitting diodes for gallium nitride materials. Foundation.
To solve the practical problem of blue LED, let it enter the homes of thousands of households is Nakamura Shuji. In 1989, Nakamura Shuji began to invert the diode. At that time, he was only a technician named "Jiya Chemical". In 1993, he was also a graduate student who successfully produced high-quality GaN and introduced LED lighting products for the first time. Soon, white LEDs appeared soon.
Although the potential of LED lights has not yet been fully released due to cost issues, this great invention has benefited mankind.
Since the light source using the high-brightness white light-emitting diode emits light, the LED lamp has higher luminous efficiency than the incandescent lamp. "Only 10% of the energy consumed by ordinary incandescent lamps is converted into light energy, and the energy efficiency of LED lamps can reach 60%; the required voltage is also low, a few volts is enough; and the life of incandescent lamps is generally For about 1000 hours, LED life is up to 100,000 hours, and it can basically be used for more than 10 years." Li Wei said.
Don't underestimate this LED light. "Lighting is the most energy-saving measure with the most obvious energy-saving effect and the simplest operation. In 2012, China's lighting power consumption is about 650 billion kWh. If the whole society realizes LED product replacement, it can save about 350 billion kWh per year, which is equivalent to four Three Gorges hydropower stations. The amount of electricity generated." Wang Yaohai, chairman of Op Lighting Co., Ltd. told reporters.
As the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said in its awards, “The incandescent lamps illuminate the 20th century, and LED lights will illuminate the 21st century.â€
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